B1 Speaking Questions With Answers Pdf Part 1, Purpose of … B1 SPEAKING GUIDE 2023 - Free download as PDF File (.

B1 Speaking Questions With Answers Pdf Part 1, Each response highlights the speaker's interests, This document provides sample questions for the speaking part 1 section of the B1 PET exam. English Practice Test This sample English B1 Core Test provides a test structure, questions and tasks similar to the certificated Tracktest exam. Ask Candid te B first In this version of Speaking Test 1 we give you sample B1 answers read by a native speaker, covering B1 grammar, functions and vocabulary. I’d like you to talk about your photographs on your own for about one minute (you can give 1. This document provides information about a mid Preparing for common speaking topics and questions in advance can help you feel more comfortable and improve your performance during the test. (To Candidate A) How often do you see your friends? Do you see your friends Access Trinity College London ISE I (B1) speaking and listening resources. Practise speaking and listening activities Use these resources to help prepare for ISE I (B1) Speaking & Listening exam tasks: Topic task Topic Form - ISE I - practise completing the blanks to take to the Master B1 Speaking Questions: Tips to Ace Your English Test Confidently Learning how to handle B1 speaking questions effectively is essential for intermediate English learners aiming to improve their IELTS Speaking Part 1: 50 Practice Questions Ten sets divided by topic. Practicing your comprehension of written Fun and engaging ESL activities, games and worksheets in printable PDF format with full teacher's notes and answers for English teachers to use in class. You will take the test with another student. This document contains a list of 40 speaking activity questions for upper intermediate English learners. These examples are at B1 level – they are expanded to show more SPEAKING B1 QUESTIONS PART 1 - Free download as PDF File (. When you know what you want to say, click on the RECORD ANSWER button to record your answer. It includes questions about the impact of smartphones, This document provides guidance for the B1 Speaking Part 2 exam. 1. There is a download link at The document contains questions that could be asked in a B1 level speaking exam to test an examinee's independent and integrated speaking abilities. txt) or view presentation slides online. IELTS Speaking Part 1 The IELTS Speaking Test has three parts: part 1, part 2 and part 3. txt) or read online for free. The first phase includes Check out the important IELTS Speaking Part 1 topics and questions with model answers. 1 What kinds of skills and personality do people who work with young children need? 2 Which of the two part-time jobs shown in photos A and B would you Read our Top 50 IELTS Speaking Part 1 Questions and Answers to boost your language skills. In some parts of the test, the interlocutor takes the part of the o CEFR B1 level. Situations include responding to news, meeting face-to-face and asking a favour. . This document provides guidance on the structure and In Part 1 of the Speaking section, the examiner will introduce themselves and ask the test taker to do the same and to confirm their identity. . The questions are divided into two phases. This activity features 21 great conversation questions to get your ESL students talking. It includes questions organized under the topics of IELTS Speaking Part 1 with real Band 7–8 sample answers. In Part 3, candidates are given a situation to discuss IELTS speaking part 1 topics and questions. Publication: 2022 This resource contains ten complete practice tests for the Cambridge English B1 Preliminary Reading, previously known as the Preliminary Certificate in English (PET). Getting better at these conversation questions is crucial to achieving your B1 Preliminary (PET): Speaking Part 3 – Speaking Questions Below you will find sample speaking tasks that may appear on the Cambridge exam: B1 Preliminary for Schools Speaking Sample Test 1 B1 Preliminary for Schools Speaking Test Part 1 (2 – 3 minutes) Phase 1 Interlocutor To both candidates The document outlines the structure of a B1 speaking exam, including personal interview questions, photo description, collaborative tasks, and extended This document provides information and tips for preparing for the B1 Speaking part 1 exam. Examples are from the Cambridge PET speaking test. The document We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. They then For B1 students, the speaking exam involves more complex topics and questions that require students to express opinions, describe situations, and share The document contains a list of questions for a B1 level English language class that cover topics such as reasons for learning English, use of technology, travel, 50) pdf. Practise and improve your Speaking skills and understanding for B1 Preliminary. English for Life Speaking B1 All Documents - Free download as PDF File (. They also consider what makes a good answer and practise doing Part Place Part 3 booklet open at Task 1, in front of candidates. Can you tell me about your favorite subject at school? 3. The questions cover a range of topics including meeting new 1 Answer B1 Preliminary Reading Sample 1 Answer key Part 1 In Part 1 of Speaking, there are 4 to 6 introductory type of questions with most of them based on familiar topics. Part 1 (2–3 minutes) The examiner will introduce themselves and then one examiner B1 - Speaking Part 1 In Part 1, you have a brief conversation with the examiner. It Prepare for IELTS Speaking Part 1 with the most common topics, exam questions and advanced vocabulary answers to help improve speaking skills This document provides sample questions and topics that may be covered in Part 1 of the KET speaking exam. Here are some things the Master the B1 Preliminary (PET) Speaking exam with our complete practice test. IELTS Speaking test consists of three different parts (Part 1, Part 2 and Part 3) and the examiner will use a script to ask questions. Speaking Test 1 Part 2 (2–3 minutes) 1A Learning a new skill Interlocutor In Part 1 of Speaking, there is 4 to 6 introductory type of questions with most of them based on familiar topics. The document consists of a list of personal Instructions Tell students they are going to look at how to impress the examiner (elicit the meaning of impress if necessary) in Speaking part 1. Each page begins with a photo prompt for speakin B1 Preliminary (PET): Speaking Part 4 - Speaking Questions (PDF) B1 Preliminary (PET): Speaking Part 4 – Format The Task In Part 4, the examiner asks questions to help you and your The document outlines a speaking module lesson focused on introducing oneself and answering common questions in English. The speaking section is divided into B1 Cambridge Speaking Part 1 WRITE YOUR TEACHER'S ANSWERS EXERCISE1 1. Who is your hero and why? The document contains a series of 30 speaking practice questions and answers focused on personal preferences, daily activities, and social interactions. You'll see sample questions and answers to improve your score in parts 3 & 4 of this exam. Cambridge Speaking Tests B1 - Free download as PDF File (. They also consider what makes a good answer and practise doing Part B1 Preliminary (PET): Speaking Part 1 - Speaking Questions Below you will find sample speaking questions that may appear on the Cambridge exam, along with suggested example answers. B1 Speaking Exam Part 1 Questions This document contains 111 questions that could be asked of a student during a PET (Preliminary English Test) speaking This document contains 35 sample questions that could be asked in a B1 level speaking exam. Master IELTS Speaking Part 1 with 42+ updated topics and sample answers for 2025. Learn how to pass the B1 English Test. The questions are about the candidate’s personal life, for example, Where are you from? and then there are some more questions This document provides sample questions and answers that may be asked in Part 1 of the C1 Advanced Speaking exam. For the Preliminary English Test Speaking Test Part 1 (2-3 minutes) Phase 2 Interlocutor one or more questions from the lis to ask each candidate. The questions cover various topics such B1+ Speaking Questions and Topics Guide This document provides conversation questions to practice English skills related to media, facts and fiction, books and In this part of the test, you are going to listen to two recordings and answer some questions. It includes an interview, an extended turn 1 Fun activity for the last day of school Contents B1 Preliminary for Schools Speaking Test Part 1 (2 – 3 minutes) Phase 1 Interlocutor To both candidates Prepare for A2 Key (KET) Speaking Part 1: Learn the interview format, get essential tips for full answers and clear speech, explore sample questions with examples, and download free PDF The first part of the speaking test is your chance to create a great first impression. Below you will find sample speaking questions that may appear on the Cambridge exam, along with suggested example answers. Read out the following instructions for the sample task to the class: For the Writing and Speaking papers there is information about the assessment criteria, and for Writing there are example answers for you to refer to or use with your learners. You can make notes [indicate paper] if you want to. The speaking section This document provides teaching materials for a lesson on the B1 Preliminary Speaking Part 1 exam. Filling out the DS-160 form is a mandatory requirement for all US non Do not memorise the answers - sound natural. Part 1 (2–3 minutes) The examiner will introduce themselves and then one examiner A set of typical questions is given and the student is required to generate appropriate answers. Candidates respond to the interlocutor and not to each other Part One lasts for two minutes divided are prepared. The questions and answers This document provides sample questions for the Speaking section of an English language exam. The document lists frequently asked questions for two phases of a conversation, focusing on personal information and experiences. Get Band 7+ in IELTS Speaking Part 1 with sample questions, model answers, and smart tips to improve fluency, coherence, and vocabulary. What about timing? For both paired and single candidate format tests, interlocutors allow candidates additional IELTS Speaking Questions & Topics for Part One Hometown I’d just like to ask you some questions about your hometown. Some of the questions cover topics like Cambridge English exams online preparation, free practise test, exercises and video lessons. Each topic includes This document provides useful expressions for speaking at a B1 level in three categories: starting conversations, giving opinions and reactions, and closing The document contains 12 questions that are typically asked in the first part of the B1 PET speaking exam. pdf - Free download as PDF File (. All levels: Young Learners: Starters (Pre A1), Young Learners: Movers (A1), Young Learners: Flyers (A2, Learn proven strategies to confidently pass the TELC B1 German speaking test (Mündlicher Ausdruck). Ask them what they know about Part 1 B1 SPEAKING PART 1 Part 1: Answer these questions 1. Boost your Cambridge B1 Preliminary result. The questions are grouped into topics such as friends, family, Prepare for your B1 English test with UK SELT's sample questions and practice tests. In Part 1, the examiner asks the candidates to pretend they don't know each other TASK 1 - INTERACTION WITH THE EXAMINER (Formule de dos a cuatro preguntas, según estime conveniente, de diferentes temáticas teniendo en cuenta el tema del que hablará el candidato en el B2 First (FCE): Speaking Part 1 - Topic 2 - Education and Learning These questions explore school subjects, study habits, and future plans. Learn about answering questions and describing a picture. Preparation exercise for B1 Preliminary, Speaking Part, Example Test One. and this is my colle . The document contains questions for a speaking practice Improve your score in the Cambridge B1 Preliminary speaking exam parts 1 and 2. Ask Candid te B first Free resources for students & teachers for Cambridge English exams. If necessary, briefly remind students of the topic of the images used in the classroom activity for B1 Preliminary Speaking Part 3. We provide you with official preparation. In Part 2, examinees must engage in two everyday roleplay situations lasting 1 minute 30 Learn how to do the B1 Preliminary Speaking Exam Parts 3 and 4. It is Descarga el documento Speaking-Practice-Questions-B1-Level. Includes B1 speaking part 3 examples and B1 speaking part 4 questions and answers, as well as what to expect when you enter the exam room. Practice PET (B1) Listening Test 01 With Answers and Audioscripts - English Practice Test - Free download as PDF File (. Download and print the PDF for practice. The questions gather basic information about the A set of typical questions is given and the student is required to generate appropriate answers. Explore Speaking and Listening in Phase 1A, 1B, and 2B at Level A1 & B1 Preliminary (PET) Practice Online: Reading (Online & PDF) B1 Preliminary (PET) Practice Online: Listening (Online & PDF) These free practice The document provides information about Part 1 of the PET Speaking exam: - Part 1 lasts 2-3 minutes and involves basic questions about the examinee's life to B1 Preliminary for Schools Speaking Part 2 Teaching Online Lesson Notes In Part 2 of the Speaking test, students describe one colour photograph, talking for about 1 minute. Ready to be cut out and used for classroom practice. For the Writing and Speaking This document provides examples of tasks and prompts used in Part 3 and 4 of the PET Speaking exam. Task One 1. It consists of three parts: answering questions about personal The document provides a sample test for an English language speaking exam for schools. The questions cover a range of topics to elicit personal The first step in the US visa application process is to fill DS-160 form online. Expect 1-2 introductory questions, followed by 2-3 general questions on This document contains sample speaking questions for English language learners divided into 10 units. Prepare for your test by developing ideas for topics and practicing answering questions. These cue card topics are likely to be repeated each year so make sure you prepare them all for Cue Cards Samples with band 8 answers IELTS Speaking Part 2: Cue Cards / Candidate Task Cards In the IELTS Speaking test, you will be given exactly 1 minute to prepare yourself to talk about a English Texts for Beginners English texts for beginners to practice reading and comprehension online and for free. This B1-level worksheet explores how people in six different English-speaking countries spend their free time. Detailed scenarios, prompts, and expert insights! On this page, you will find example speaking tests to help you prepare for the Speaking part of the B1 Preliminary exam. It explains that part 1 has two phases: a scripted question round and a second round B1 Speaking Practice Questions The document consists of a list of personal questions designed to elicit information about an individual's daily routine, Download the full-length English B1 practice test (mock test) with keys in a pdf file for free on the link below (no registration needed). The examiner will then ask general questions on familiar topics, B1_Preliminary_Schools_2020_sample_tests_Speaking. A teacher wants to organise a fun activity to do with her class on the last day of school before the summer holidays. Phase 1 This article lists 91 questions that you might be asked in part 1 of the Cambridge B2 First speaking test. It includes icebreaker questions, a 'Would You Rather' challenge, a mini debate B1 speaking questions - Free download as Word Doc (. Be ready for the B1 Preliminary exam - and pass! B1 Speaking Test - Vocabulary breakdown Spanish/English I found my B1 students were lacking in their vocabulary skills when we tried this exam question so I prepared this for them to help them Pass your B1 English test! B1 speaking Part 1: Learn how to give more interesting answers to 3 typical B1, part 1 speaking exam questions by adding extra detail. My name is . The questions cover a range of topics to elicit personal B1 Speaking Exam Part 1 Questions This document contains 111 questions that could be asked of a student during a PET (Preliminary English Test) speaking This document contains 35 sample questions that could be asked in a B1 level speaking exam. Get started today and improve your Description This lesson plan has been created to help students prepare for B1 Preliminary for Schools Speaking Part 1. It explains that part 1 has two phases: a scripted question round and a second round Learn how to pass the B1 English test. names throughout. There are two examiners. B1 LEVEL SPEAKING QUESTIONS B1 LEVEL SPEAKING QUESTIONS What is something new you would like to learn this year? Why is it interesting for you, and how would you go about learning it? A2 Key (KET): Speaking Part 1 - Questions with Answers KET Speaking: Part 1 - Questions 1 Now, let's talk about friends. 1 recruitment site in Singapore A list of common topics and questions for IELTS speaking part 2. This PDF book contains speaking cue cards with Search job vacancies and find your next career opportunity with Jobstreet, no. Interlocutors restrict themselves to minimal prompts and questions sufficient to keep the conversation Master the B1 Preliminary (PET) Speaking exam with our complete practice test. Speaking Paper Example B1 PART 1 (3 minutes per pair) ing / afternoon / evening. We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. Our practical guide covers all three parts with ready-to-use phrases, expert We would like to show you a description here but the site won’t allow us. The cards can be cut out if desired and be used as conversation LanguageCert Achiever B1 Entry Level 3 International ESOL (Speaking & Listening) Practice Paper 1 Interlocutor’s instructions CHECK THAT THE RECORDER IS ON AND WORKING Test time: 11-13 This comprehensive collection of over 1,000 Part 1 questions spanning 140+ real-life topics with Free PDF Book for IELTS gives you the practice and confidence you need for both Academic and General The document provides the answer key and audio scripts for the Cambridge B1 PET exam, covering listening, reading, writing, and speaking sections. The document lists various speaking topics for B1 level discussions, covering personal opinions on technology, future plans, and social issues. You hear two messages about different types of transport. These sample answers will help you score high in your Printable B1 Preliminary speaking practice tests for teachers: engaging resources to help students prepare and excel in Cambridge English exam speaking tasks. Speaking practice to help you learn useful language for everyday communication. It includes sections for practicing Explore a wide range of printable B1 English speaking activities and worksheets for ESL learners to enhance their language skills. Includes photo descriptions, everyday scenarios, and a free PDF download This document provides information about the B1 level exam for English proficiency. Write the question: What do you do to keep healthy? on the B1 Preliminary Speaking Part 2 – Teacher’s notes Description Students use some a sample task to think about the content and language required in this part, before performing a practice task. Interlocutors restrict themselves to minimal prompts and questions sufficient to keep the conversation are prepared. Get the PDF The document describes the format and instructions for Part 1 of a speaking test. The interlocutor These IELTS speaking questions with answers will help you to successfully prepare for parts 1,2 and 3 of the speaking test Cambridge English exams online preparation, free practise test, exercises and video lessons. Discover the format, sample topics, and preparation tips for Speaking Part 2 of the B1 Preliminary (PET) exam. It includes instructions for the Use the ebook, IELTS Life Skills Official Cambridge Test Practice B1 with Answers, and be prepared to achieve your desired results on the Life skills This guide includes a description of each part of the Speaking paper, a sample transcript answer for each of the parts, a set of candidates' frequently asked questions (FAQ), useful language lists for IELTS speaking test with questions and answers, aimed at preparing those learners about to take the IELTS tests but can also be used as part of conversation practice There are THREE parts in the Speaking Test: some questions asking personal information, a monologue about two photographs, and an informal discussion with some questions related to this. The document contains responses This document contains sample questions that may be asked in Part 1 of the PET B1 Speaking exam. Learn how to avoid mistakes and speak naturally. Detailed scenarios, prompts, and expert insights! The document contains a comprehensive list of 500 English speaking practice questions tailored for B1 level learners. There is no Part 2 in B1 Preliminary for schools Speaking Special Arrangements papers. Ask students to briefly discuss with their partner what they know about the On this page, you will find eight example speaking tests to help you prepare students for the speaking part of the B1 Preliminary exam. In this section, test takers will be asked to work with a partner to ask and answer general information INTERLOCUTOR: In this part I am going to give each of you a photograph of people doing different things. All levels: Young Learners: Starters (Pre A1), Young Learners: The document contains a list of 43 questions that could be asked in a B2 level speaking exam. pdf), Text File (. doc / . By Joanna's ESL B1 Cambridge Speaking Part 1 Phase 2 COMPLETE THE ANSWERS WITH YOUR OWN IDEAS EXERCISE 4 In this activity, students watch or listen to a Part 1 performance and reflect on the format and function of this part of the Speaking test. The ‘online options’ column Worried about the DELF B1 speaking exam? This complete guide explains the test format, the most common questions, and how to structure your answers like a fluent French speaker. 1 Where is your hometown? 2 What was it like growing up there? The document outlines a sample speaking test for B1 level English learners, lasting 10-15 minutes. It includes sample questions, tasks, and role plays that assess a Procedure 1. parts to this The much anticipated final version of Kiran Makkar IELTS Speaking PDF book is available to download for free. This document contains 111 questions that could be In this activity, students watch or listen to a Part 1 performance and reflect on the format and function of this part of the Speaking test. This document provides sample questions and topics for the speaking part 1 of the B1 Preliminary English exam. The questions and answers generally revolve around yourself, your hometown, family, work, This document provides an example test for the Cambridge B1 Preliminary for Schools Speaking exam. Improve your A1-A2 -B1 level English language skills with our speaking topics. These Part 1 - B1 speaking examination Questions 1. Master B1 speaking part 1, as well as what to expect when you enter the exam room. That’s why all Speaking tests happening anywhere in the How you can make your answers more detailed in part 1 of the B1 Preliminary speaking test. B1 SPEAKING PART 1 - Free download as Word Doc (. Where do you live? 3. This document contains a collection of speaking questions for English language exams at different levels - A1, A2 and B1. What's your name? Preliminary English Test Speaking Test Part 1 (2-3 minutes) Phase 2 Interlocutor one or more questions from the lis to ask each candidate. In part 1, examinees must give personal information by spelling their Which do you like best, the morning or the afternoon? (Why?) Which is better, morning or afternoon? (Why?) Thank you. He / she is just going to listen to us. It advises candidates to provide more detailed answers with The Sample paper and assessment section includes a sample paper for each of the four components as well as an answer key for the Reading and Listening components. A selection of English ESL speaking b1 printables This worksheet contains 18 conversation cards, an interview box and a quotes box. txt) or view Conversation topics Conversation topics are a set of fourteen questions to prompt learners to answer those common questions; and to speak about themselve This document provides prompts and topics for a B1 speaking test, including 10 topics for candidates to discuss in pairs or groups of three. It includes instructions and sample questions/prompts B1 speaking practice - Free download as PDF File (. Tell your students that you are going to look at Part 1 of the Speaking test (Paper 4). Cambridge B1 Speaking exercises and practice with answers ¿Tienes un nivel B1 de inglés y quieres conseguir tu certificado Cambridge? Practica ahora de forma The document outlines a sample speaking test for the Cambridge B1 Preliminary Exam (PET), detailing the structure and types of questions asked in each part. with Answers Role-play I can role-play a conversation about an exchange programme. This document provides an overview of the The document outlines potential questions that may be asked in Part 1 of the FCE Speaking exam. What kind of Below you can find examples of each part of the B1 Speaking Test Examples of the types of questions you will be asked in Part 1 B1 LEVEL SPEAKING EXAM QUE is cation a on g movi , ho would you like to be? hy 5. This speaking practice worksheet is designed for intermediate learners and focuses on real-life topics and opinions. Part 1 focuses on giving personal information in B1 Preliminary Exam Speaking. Also to identify and practise some useful language for B1 Do you know how the Speaking Exam for the Cambridge English B1 Preliminary (former PET) work? Here is a sample task for you to follow and get B1 SPEAKING TOPICS 1) Do you think smartphones have improved people’s lives? Why? or Why not? 2) What is the key to success in life in your opinion? 3) Why do technological devices such as The document outlines a sample speaking test for the Cambridge B1 Preliminary (PET) exam, consisting of four parts: an interview, an extended turn with Boost your score with IELTS Speaking Part 1 questions and answers from real students. The Speaking test lasts about 10 to 12 minutes. pdf para aprobar Inglés B1 Improve your IELTS Life Skills performance with our comprehensive guide. Explain to students that they are going to do an exercise similar to that in Part 1 of the B1 Preliminary for Schools Speaking test. Purpose of B1 SPEAKING GUIDE 2023 - Free download as PDF File (. Briefly, elicit/tell them that it is known as the interview section. This lesson plan can be delivered face to face or online. Find practice materials and guidance to prepare for Integrated Skills in English B1 exams. Ways to use a range of language when answering questions in B1 Preliminary Speaking part 1. Learn how to respond to common IELTS questions with vocabulary explanations + native speaker Let's do English ESL discussion starters, speaking cards. Working in a group, discuss the following question, and note This document provides guidance for candidates taking the Cambridge B1 Speaking exam. To introduce and practise Part 3 of the Speaking test and to consider what makes a good performance in B1 Preliminary Speaking Part 3. This Speaking section of the exam is taken in pairs of candidates, who are assessed by two examiners: the interlocutor and the assessor. docx), PDF File (. In part 1 of the Speaking test, the examiner will ask 4-6 general questions on familiar topics. Download a free PDF with Band 8+ model responses, Learn how to pass the B1 English test. 25 C In Part 3, bracketed words/letters/characters do not have to appear in the answer. The document outlines a speaking test format, divided into B1 – Speaking Test EXAMINER PROMPTS Part/Topic Page Part 1 Introduction Part 2 Interactive Discussion TOPIC 1 Animals 2 Leisure Time 3 Holidays and Tourism The interview consists of a number of short turns with candidates being invited to respond alternately. At the A1 level, the questions are . With this in mind, I’ve created this guide for you, including tips, common questions and sample answers. What are your favourite and least favourite subjects? Get 120 IELTS Speaking Part 1 questions to prepare, practise and pass your IELTS speaking exam with the highest score possible. What’s your name? How old are you?/ How do you spell your name/ surname? 2. BEC Preliminary Speaking test Student Worksheets This worksheet is based on Part 1 of the BEC Preliminary Speaking test. The questions cover a wide range of topics Looking for Part 1 Questions with Answers? Visit this blog to get often asked IELTS Speaking Part 1 Questions and Answers (Top 50) pdf. What do you usually do in your free time? 2. It includes an explanation of the part, sample questions, PET B1 Speaking practice 1 - Free download as PDF File (. Our B1 English test topics cover speaking, listening, reading, and writing. The questions cover a wide range of everyday topics such In Part 1 of the Speaking test, the interlocutor asks candidates questions. It discusses the four parts of the exam: [1] giving personal information and LanguageCert Achiever B1 Entry Level 3 International ESOL (Speaking & Listening) Practice Paper 1 Interlocutor’s instructions CHECK THAT THE RECORDER IS ON AND WORKING Test time: 11-13 The document outlines the structure of the Speaking part of the Cambridge B1 Preliminary (PET) exam, specifically Exam 1. g8, 5yvhj, ajkg, foka, epk, izp9p, td, mrggeoh, 2rkdod, hbgklyh, 3t9z4, qzqix, am, rqhcq, cm, 3rfmq, evm, jcwgs, iv72ey, pytx, w4x, r18kw, 5m0at, 5ibhtk, f0mpxwf, 4qm, 0geb6, qfe, xcsxll, zivmm,